Arithmetic Mean (AM) of Two Positive Numbers

Master the Arithmetic Mean of two positive numbers for CBSE Class 11 Applied Mathematics. Learn formulas, properties, and solved practice problems.

Definition of Arithmetic Mean

For any two positive real numbers a and b, the Arithmetic Mean (AM) is defined as the value that lies exactly midway between them. If A is the AM of a and b, then the sequence a, A, b forms an Arithmetic Progression. This implies that the difference between consecutive terms is constant, specifically A - a = b - A.

A = (a + b) / 2
Example: Solved Example: Find the AM of 12 and 28
Show Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Identify a = 12 and b = 28.
Step 2: Apply the formula A = (12 + 28) / 2.
Step 3: Calculate the sum 40 and divide by 2.
Answer: A = 20

Insertion of a Single AM

Inserting an Arithmetic Mean between two numbers a and b creates a three-term Arithmetic Progression. The inserted value A ensures that the common difference d = A - a = b - A. This property is fundamental in extending sequences to include intermediate values while maintaining linear growth.

d = (b - a) / 2
Example: Solved Example: Insert an AM between 5 and 15
Show Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Let a = 5 and b = 15.
Step 2: Calculate A = (5 + 15) / 2 = 10.
Step 3: Verify the sequence 5, 10, 15 has a common difference of 5.
Answer: The AM is 10.

Properties of Arithmetic Mean

The Arithmetic Mean of two positive numbers is always greater than or equal to the geometric mean of those numbers. Furthermore, the sum of deviations of the numbers from their AM is always zero. This property is essential for understanding the central tendency of a two-term dataset.

A - a = b - A ⟹ 2A = a + b
Example: Solved Example: Verify the deviation property for 4 and 10
Show Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Find AM: A = (4 + 10) / 2 = 7.
Step 2: Calculate deviations: (4 - 7) = -3 and (10 - 7) = 3.
Step 3: Sum of deviations: -3 + 3 = 0.
Answer: The property holds.